Tattoos And Its Impact On Society Essay - 955 Words

Tattoos have always been rather appealing to mankind. In today’s Society tattoos have spiraled out of control in my opinion. From the tattoo placement anywhere on the body, to the offensive kind of tattoos; restrictions are absolutely necessary. Some feel as if the Marine Corps shouldn’t have any tattoo restrictions. But I strongly disagree. This Organization has been built on so many great principles, like our Corps Values: â€Å"Honor, Courage, and Commitment.† Then we have our official United States Marine Corps (USMC) slogan: â€Å"The Few, The Proud, The Marines†. We have a reputation for being a professional, disciplined fighting force. Granted, society will always change. From the modern day fads, the fashion statements, to the personal beliefs as well as the need to be an individual; we as a people can change in the blink of an eye. But should we allow that to dictate the USMC? Should we change our foundation because of our society? Although tatto os have become a part of the societal norm, in order to maintain good order, discipline, and a professional military appearance; restrictions must remain in place. There are a few reasons why I believe we should have tattoo restrictions. Our society’s perception of the military, 1st and foremost, will always be extremely important. Without the support and trust of the civilian populace, we as a nation will suffer. The snowball effect will be detrimental, to include: the people not wanting to join the USMC, public altercations dueShow MoreRelatedTattoos And Its Impact On Society1384 Words   |  6 Pagesto look past. Tattoos are one of the most controversial topics when it comes to professionalism mixing with open mindedness. People all across the world have tattoos and are now seen in everyday society. Tattoos have also gone back thousands of years and in some cultures were celebrated, or shown for cultural reasons. Furthermore, the U.S. military is now integrating new poli cies on tattoos, ensuring the domestication, and acceptance of tattoos. Effects of tattoos on modern day society have had a definiteRead MoreTattoos And Its Impact On Society Essay962 Words   |  4 PagesTattoos have always been very appealing to mankind. In today’s Society tattoos have spiraled out of control in my opinion. From the tattoo placement anywhere on the body, to the vulgar and offensive kind of tattoos; restrictions are absolutely necessary. Some feel as if the Marine Corps shouldn’t have any tattoo restrictions. But I strongly disagree. This Organization has been built on so many great principles, like our Corps Values: â€Å"Honor, Courage, and Commitment.† Then we have our official UnitedRead MoreEffects Of Tattoos On Society s Society1392 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Tattoos on Society Having a moral acceptance toward others is an important aspect in sustaining a happy and fulfilled life, but maybe some things that are quite visible can be hard to look past. Tattoos are one of the most controversial topics when it comes to professionalism mixing with open mindedness. People all across the world have tattoos and are now seen in everyday society. Tattoos have also gone back thousands of years and in some cultures were celebrated, or shown for culturalRead MoreModern Day Reasoning For Tattoos1470 Words   |  6 PagesIn a recent Fox News poll, an astounding one in five voters in America admitted to having at least one tattoo (Blanton, 2014). Body art has become increasingly popular over the past several years among a wide range of individuals. With so much attention on tattoos, it is a wonder how and when tattooing began. However, no one really knows for certain when tattooing began, or how it began for that matter. The belief is that tattooing began â€Å"at least by 3300 BCE. That is how far back anthropologistsRead MoreWhy Should People Commit Crime And Labeling Theory From A Sociological Perspective1743 Words   |  7 Pagesand explain how tattooing has become a stigma in today s society. I am going to discuss three similarity views; first they share ties with social strain in deviance, by the way, society is structured. Second, they both deal with crime among minority group as well as crime rates in the United States. Third, both anomie-strain and labeling theory focus on the deviant behavior regarding the individual social and cultural status and how society response to these types of deviant behaviors. I am goingRead MoreNegative Impact of Tattoos1546 Words   |  7 PagesTattoos have decorated bodies for centuries. From religious beliefs, to punishment, to adornment, tattoos have reflected personal stories for each of the bodies it marks. In the modern era, tattoos have become a form of art in which people use to express their indiv idualities. Although one may consider marking their bodies as a positive form of self expression, tattoos can have lasting negative effects on one’s physical, social, and professional lives. Physically, getting a tattoo involvesRead MoreTattoos Essay812 Words   |  4 Pagesthe history of tattoos, how tattoos are made, and the impact of tattoos in society. Research shows that people have been experimenting with tattoos for many years, as early as c. 2000 B.C. The ancient Egyptians were the ones to help popularize the idea of tattooing. Tattoos have many meanings behind them depending on the culture. Such as for the Ancient Asian cultures tattoos were to help sustain strong physical health. Another example would be the military personnel who get a tattoo to show theirRead MoreTattoos Have Different Meanings Or Significance1615 Words   |  7 PagesIn various societies, tattoos have had different meanings or significance. They have been popular for thousands of years in different cultures, as a common form of body modification. They can be symbolic of one’s self-expression, ‘a mark of individuality’, and body alteration as a compelling symbol. ( Tiggemann Golder, 2006; Patterson Schroeder, 2010 as cited in Atik Yildirim, 2014). Tattoos have been around for so many years that its existence is unclear thus its origin remains a debate inRead MoreEssay About Tattoos960 Words   |  4 PagesAs the art of tattooing has become more popular and accepted within various societies, stigmas and stereotypes of those with such body modifications remain. For over three hundred years, tattoos have been viewed as a deviant act, one that causes individuals to associate those with tattoos with risky and foolish behavior. Despite the characteristics of tattoos being large or small, tribal or fashionable, people did not express any difference in opinion toward individuals who endured the pain of tattooingRead MoreFreedom of Self- Expression: Tattoos and Body Piercings at 16 Should be Permitted1232 Words   |  5 Pagesthat children should have permission to get tattoos and body piercings. I believe that teens should have the authority to get them on our own. The current Texas law states that any person under the age of 18 must have parental permission before getting a tattoo or any body piercing. Identification is required to verify the persons age. I feel that by the age of 16, any student should have the authority to express themselves in a way such as tattoos and body piercings. There are various aspects

Time Commitment A Personal Experience - 1270 Words

†¢ Able to set up room †¢ Transport supplies from the NAMI Ventura office to the workshop site †¢ Maintain records/reports as needed such as attendance in a timely manner †¢ Teach and Facilitate discussions †¢ Be a liaison with staff Training: 2.5-day training workshop Time Commitment: 2 6-week session per year Stipend Available: No Peer-to-Peer mentor Purpose: To mentor people with lived experiences Requirements: †¢ Personal experience having a mental illness and living well in recovery †¢ Willingness to share one’s own experience with course participants †¢ Participation in Peer-to-peer course †¢ Attend all NAMI training courses and refreshers †¢ Willingness to follow the established curriculum †¢ Comfortable with public speaking and facilitating†¦show more content†¦Requirements: †¢ Comfortable speaking in front of groups †¢ Knowledgeable of NAMI Mission †¢ Willing to share personal lived experience Tasks: †¢ Able to set up room including checking audio/video equipment †¢ Transport supplies from the NAMI Ventura office to presentation site †¢ Maintain records/reports as needed such as attendance in a timely manner †¢ Teach and facilitate discussions Training: 2.5 day training workshop Time Commitment: Varies Stipend: Yes Support Facilitators NAMI support groups offer opportunities for families and people with lived experiences to share challenges, concerns and victories in a safe, encouraging environment. Facilitators are not trained professionals, but individuals with similar experience who are willing to enable the discussions and support the group sessions. NAMI Family Support Group Facilitators Purpose: ToShow MoreRelatedService Marketing This life is quite challenging if we look at things from a different perspective1100 Words   |  5 Pagesthat we have to shoulder at almost all the stages of our lives there are a number of social and personal and private commitments that have to be met quite religiously. Personal commitments are those, which you take on yourself. These are the things that are required to be done to get somewhere in life and to live the life to its purpose and to make things much more meaningful. This may include taking in time to teach you about different cultures and providing for detailed description. We live in a highlyRead MorePersonal Philosophy of Education Essay940 Words   |  4 Pagesof seven years, I was blessed with an educator, Mrs. Cager, whose commitment to her students was so profound until I have never forgotten her. She made me feel like I was the most important person in her classroom. Her encouraging words instilled a level of confi dence within me that I still cling to and apply more than 40 years later. Her commitment is directly responsible for my personal philosophy of education also being commitment. Other philosophies of education like dedication, responsibilityRead MoreMy Personal Culture : Ralph Waldo Emerson910 Words   |  4 PagesMy Personal Culture (question) What to choose? Everyday, we have the choice to choose who we want to be. Daily, we have the option of reflecting upon yesterday and growing from our mistakes, to change our future. We are all sculpted by our virtues and personal culture. Discovering our personal culture is like growing and breathing. We all do it but many don’t take the time to think about and appreciate it. As Ralph Waldo Emerson, the famous Transcendentalist writer once said, â€Å"What is a weed? A plantRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1304 Words   |  6 PagesMy Personal Nursing Philosophy A nursing philosophy is concepts or values that a nurse embraces within his/her practice and allows these concepts and values to shape the way he/she practices nursing and drives the purpose of their nursing care. It is important for each nurse to develop his/her philosophy of nursing to be a purpose driven nurse. Each nurse will have his/her own nurse philosophy because each believes differently. Nursing philosophies might come from different understandings butRead MoreGrasping Time: the Importance of Time Management for the Adult Student1263 Words   |  6 PagesGrasping Time: The Importance of Time Management for the Adult Student Richard Glazer COLL100 Foundations of Online Learning American Public University Daniel Green Grasping Time: The Importance of Time Management for the Adult Student Adults in ever increasing numbers have returned to school. Reasons for returning vary but regardless, adult students are an increasing presence in the classroom. While adults have the experience and wisdom over the younger students, adults areRead MoreEssay on Developmental Issues That Come with Emerging Adulthood901 Words   |  4 Pagespersons life time that links childhood and adulthood. The factors that influence development during adolescence include genetic/biological and environmental/social. There are many developmental issues that take place during the transition from an adolescent to a young adult. The issues of emerging adulthood(18-25) are characterized by new experiences, experimentation, exploration as well as new developmental tasks. In western society, the most fundamentally significant experience is the transitionRead MoreAdolescence Is A Transitional Period Of Physical And Psychological Development1313 Words   |  6 Pagespsychological development, occurring during the period from puberty to adulthood. It is the time that is marked by several vital exploratory developmental experiences including, identity formation, development and growth. During this period adolescents are in the process of furthering social relationships, of finding their place in society, and of making important choices for their future lives. While it’s a time for tremendous growth and potential, on the path of identity, the individual encounter manyRead MoreThe Downside Of Living Together1203 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"lock-in.† Jay explains, â€Å"lock-in† happens when the probability of changing is decreased once an investment is made. However, Jay believes that a good relationship can be maintain in cohabitati on. Jay asserts that it is important to discuss personal view and commitment between couples before cohabitating, and to consider it as a step toward marriage. Jay concludes that living together might increase possibilities for mistakes, or even pressurize a person too long. Cohabitation is linked to several evidenceRead MoreThe Aeneid is a poem written by the ancient Roman poet Virgil during the height of the Roman900 Words   |  4 Pagesthe importance of one’s commitment to duty, and this assertion reveals that ancient Romans valued and admired one’s commitment to duty above all other character traits. In the beginning of Virgil’s Aeneid, a storm causes Aeneas’ ship to wreck near Carthage, a civilization located on the northern shore of Africa. It is here, during his stay in Carthage, that Aeneas first demonstrates his full-fledged commitment to fulfill his duty to his people and the Gods. During his time in Carthage, Aeneas befriendsRead MoreNelson Mandel A True Inspiration For All Of Humanity1748 Words   |  7 Pagesleadership and years of self-sacrifice, Nelson Mandela became South Africa’s first black president in 1994, when his greatest triumph – ending his country’s apartheid system – came to fruition. His commitment to his vision and his ability to withstand political and social opposition over an extended period of time demonstrates the power of effective visionary leadership. Visionary leadership has been defined as the capacity to develop and communicate unambiguous visions that have purpose and value to

Atkinsons Case Free Essays

Case requirements Atkinson Atkinson have been trading as a department store on the Moor In Sheffield for over 50 years. Two of the directors are friends of your parents. They have asked you and a small group of your colleagues to cast an eye over the business and offer some Impartial advice as to its future direction. We will write a custom essay sample on Atkinsons Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now You were provided with the publicly available statements of the group, data from FAME Is also available on the Internet through literates.. Whilst passing through the Meadowland Centre you notice that there are some new units being developed. A number of businesses such as Deadbeats and Thornton have outlets In both Sheffield and Meadowland whilst others such as House of Fraser have moved out of the city centre altogether. You have contacted Meadowland Properties PL and have received a letter in return which sets out the availability and costs of leasing a new unit in the Meadowland Centre. You have also acquired information from Sheffield City Council containing demographic and other information http:†www. Creditworthiness. Co. UK/ http:†www. Sheffield. Gob. UK/your-city-council/Sheffield-facts-figures You are required to attend a meeting with the two directors to make a presentation (power point facilities are available) on your findings. Assessment weighting Learning outcomes Weighting % 1 . Identify subject skills and knowledge appropriate to problem this is reflected In outcome 2 2. Assess difficulties in clearly defining problem areas (Including analysis of position) 30 3. Apply and integrate previously acquired subject skills outcomes 2/4 4. Acquire, classify organist and evaluate Information In a suitable format for the application of decision making techniques 30 5. Communicate proposed course of action and answer questions 40 Meadowland Properties PL Sheffield Dear Sir Thank you for your recent enquiry concerning the leasing costs for the units to be completed at the Meadowland Centre in late 2008. To give you some idea of the size of the units, Deadbeats occupies a site of 125,000 square feet. Leases will run to the December 2032 and will be renewable at that date subject to negotiation. All rents will be increased annually in line with the change in the retail price index excluding mortgage payments. Size Annual rent Unit 1 125,000 square feet unit 2 60,000 square feet IEEE,OHO unit 3 40,000 square feet IEEE,OHO In addition to these rental costs, there is a service charge payable to ourselves. At the moment this is EH. 30 per square foot per annum for the first 25,000 square feet, half this rate for the next 25,000 square feet and a quarter of this rate for anything over 50,000 square feet. This charge covers all communal areas, supervision of car parking etc. Tenants are, of course, responsible for the payment of business rates. We thank you for your interest and look forward to hearing from you in the near future. Yours faithfully Alexander Goodyear (Customer Services Director) How to cite Atkinsons Case, Papers

Financial Analysis of Tesco free essay sample

This paper highlights different financial aspects of TESCO Ltd. Company. It identifies different sources of finance for the company. An overview of different financial ratios which represent liquidity, profitability and performance of the company. Then an investment appraisal has been developed for TESCO for further growth, development and expansion of the business. Table of Contents Abstract:2 Introduction:4 Sources of Finance:5 Internal Resources:5 External Sources:6 Recommendations:8 INVESTMENT APPRAISAL:10 Post Completion Review (PCR):10 Methods of Investment Appraisal11 Ratio Analysis:13 Profitability Ratios:13 Return on Assets:15 Efficiency Ratios:17 Liquidity Ratios:20 Quick Ratio:21 Stability Ratios:22 References:23 Introduction: TESCO was founded by Mr. Jack Cohen in 1919, when he initiated to sell surplus groceries from a stall in the East End of London. It’s first own brand product was TESCO Tea and its first store was Burnt Oak, Edgware, North London. In 1932 TESCO stores became a private limited company. First modern food warehouse was introduced by TESCO in 1934. In last ten years, the following are the major milestones of TESCO. †¢ Tesco. com was launched and in this was it became online. †¢ TESCO became leading organic retailer in the UK. †¢ TESCO launched ‘Customer Champions’ in its stores. †¢ It entered Malaysia, Japan, Turkey, China, United States, South Korea and India in different types of business opportunities and with different products according to the local requirements. †¢ It became first major British Super Market to enter music download market. †¢ It launched Tesco Homeplus. The current strategy of TESCO is to diversify the business which was laid down in 1997 and it has proved the base of success for the business not only in UK but also in many other markets and it had proved itself as a market leader. Sources of Finance: [pic] Internal Resources: Retained Profit: Retained profit is the amount of profit or dividend which is not distributed to the share holders but retained for the some new investment/project like that. So instead of going to banks or any other outside source of finance, mostly organizations prefer to utilize retained profit. Table and graph showing retained earnings from 2008 to Feb. 2010 [pic] Sale of fixed assets: Sale of fixed assets which are no more needed in the organization due to the replacement of new technology can be a source of finance as well so it would be a sensible decision that instead of paying cost to maintain and stock such fixed assets, those assets should be sold and finance should be obtained. External Sources: Bank Overdraft: When an account reaches zero, even then the company can withdraw the money from the account, this is called overdraft (Sayer 2007). This facility is very important for the company as sometimes it may need to use this facility urgent to accomplish some transaction. HP/ Leasing: According to Sayer (2007), â€Å"An agreement in which one party gains a long-term rental agreement and the other party receives a form of secured long-term debt. † The companies prefer to lease the costly machinery usually instead of purchasing it. The company pays the rent of the leased item as per terms and conditions whereas the leasing companies maintains the items and usually replace whenever there is some problem. Trade Credit: â€Å"Trade credit is an arrangement between businesses to buy goods or services on account, that is, without making immediate cash payment† (Atrill and McLaney 1995). It is the easiest and quickest way to delay the payment without any type of interest. Trade credit is the basic and foremost need of every business. Loans: Loan the amount of money which is borrowed from the financial institution to start a new business or initiate some new projects or products in the existing business. Usually after paying the interest on loan, tax is paid, so some organizations prefer to take loan instead of utilizing the retained earnings for the business requirements. Before issuing loan the financial institution always check the balance sheet of the organization to evaluate the stability and credibility of the business. This is usually done by business analysts. Debentures: â€Å"A debenture is an unsecured bond. Essentially, it is a bond that is not backed by a physical asset or collateral† (Ennew and Waite 2007). Debentures may be convertible or non-convertible. Convertible debentures allow the holder to exchange the debenture for the company’s shares whereas non convertible debentures can never be converted into company’s stock. Normally the interest rate of non convertible debentures is higher than convertible debentures. Preference shares: There are two main characteristics of preference shares which make them different from common stock: i) The holders of preferred stock are given preference in the distribution of dividend. ii) They don’t have the power or right to vote. Preference shares can be converted into common stock. Recommendations: As we look at the balance sheet of TESCO and focusing on short term external sources of finance, we come to know that current liabilities which are actually short term sources of finance are trade and their payables, borrowings, derivative financial instruments and other liabilities, customer deposits and deposits by banks. From the values it is obvious that the current liabilities are increased from 2008 to Feb. 2010 negatively. The most important factor is that they have negative current liabilities. Net current liabilities are shown by the following table and chart. |2008 (? ) |2009(? m) |Feb Feb. 2010(? m) | |(4045) |(4116) |(4250) | Table: Net Current Liabilities [pic] Graph showing Short Term Liabilities of TESCO Long Term Liabilities are the sources of finance which are required to pay by the business in long term i. e. more than one year. Some its examples are Debentures, bank loans and mortgages, venture capital etc. By analyzing the balance sheet of TESCO it is perceived that it has negative non- current liabilities like borrowings, derivative financial instruments and other liabilities in negative which is really an unusual trend and show the strength of the business. Overall it has the following total non-current or long term liabilities. |2008 (? m) |2009(? m) |Feb. 2010(? m) | |(7,946) |(15063) |(15,327) | Table showing total non-current liabilities [pic] Graph showing total non-current liability for three years From the analysis of current and non current liabilities of TESCO it is very much clear that the company is in a very strong position. But at the same time they are missing the opportunity of utilizing the liabilities, so it should expand the business by getting loans, as they have a really good credibility position and every financial institution would wish to be its creditor. INVESTMENT APPRAISAL: When the companies are going well and they are in a strong position, they expand their business which is a good option. TESCO is also working on the same lines; it has already expanded its business to different countries. It entered Malaysia, Japan, Turkey, China, United States, South Korea and India in different types of business opportunities and with different products according to the local requirements. It is very necessary to make an investment proposal. Six Stages of Project Appraisal: Project Identification: First of all it is needed to identify the project which will be the most profitable and will also be least risky. Shareholders will obviously be concerned and interested only in that project which gives them maximum return on the investment. Project screening: it is the stage in which previously guessed feasible project evaluated keeping in view all the aspects of its implementation, profitability and all other matters. It is the main selection stage for the best feasible project. Analyze Implication: In this stage it is evaluated that the implication of the project is feasible or not. So it is completely examined and studied. Project Evaluation: This stage of the project is more concerned with the outcomes of the project. It means after the development of the project is complete what would be the outcomes of the project. It also makes clear that what would be the future prospects. oo Accept or Reject: if the project is feasible in terms of cost, people and other resources and it would be beneficial for the company, and then now the company decides to accept it or reject. As at this stage it is better to reject a non feasible project instead of investing and wasting a large amount of money. Post Completion Review (PCR): According to Hirst and Kerrison (2009), â€Å"A post completion review is a process aimed at assessing, ex post, the efficiency and effectiveness of a capital budgeting decision and of the management of its implementation. It is based on a comparison between planned and actual actions, costs and resource usage, results and benefits. † It encompasses the review of all guesses about markets, technology, personnel, environment, competition, cost of capital, etc. hat were made during the decision-making period. It is the comparison of assumption and the real outcome and it is an ongoing process through which organizations improves.

Mills Greatest Happiness Principles A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life

Life has always been a mystery to people. The humankind has been trying to unlock this secret throughout its entire existence. However, there has been very little success so far. Still, a number of theories concerning life and principles of life have been spawned. One of these theories is utilitarianism.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principles: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The key principle of Utilitarianism according to its founder, John Miller, is that the right action must trigger the happiness of all those involved. However, utilitarianism is based not only on the given principle, but also on the so-called â€Å"theory of life.†Exploring the given phenomenon, one can get a little closer to discovering the meaning of life. It is a well-known fact that Mill’s key concepts are based on the so-called â€Å"theory of lif e.† The latter presupposes that people should strive for pleasure and drive the experience of pain to minimum. Alican put it in the following way: â€Å"Pleasure, and freedom from pain, are the only things desirable as ends.†1 At the given point, however, one might notice that Mill’s theory has a number of things in common with the traditional postulates of Hedonism. According to Alican, â€Å"In essence, then, Mill’s proof is an attempt to establish a theory of value, ethical hedonism.†2 Indeed, if considering Mill’s theory of life, one must admit that it presupposes following certain ethical principles when enjoying life. Nevertheless, it must be admitted that Miller’s theory borrows a lot from Hedonism. Moreover, Miller’s theory of life is practically based on Hedonism. If taking away the moral principles and the idea that any action should be aimed at both the satisfaction of self and the satisfaction of others, one will get the Hedonist principles. However, Mill’s theory involves another arguable and rather controversial element apart from the similarities with Hedonism. To be more exact, Mill denies the link between ethical theory and moral obligation. To start with, Miller asks the readers, â€Å"Does the belief that moral obligation has its seat outside the mind make the feeling of it too strong to be got rid of?†3 In the given question, Miller draws the line between the moral principles and the human mind. Hence, Mill questions the link between the moral and the ethical. Further on, Mill explains:Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is not necessary, for the present purpose, to decide whether the feeling of duty is innate or implanted. Assuming it to be innate, it is an open question to what objects it naturally attaches itself; for the philosophic supporters of that theory are now agr eed that the intuitive perception is of principles of morality, and not of the details.4 Thus, Mill specifies the difference between the moral and the ethical. Mill believes that moral is what is considered right by the society. Meanwhile, ethical, in Mill’s understanding, is what an individual believes to be right. Therefore, Mill also draws the line between the social and the personal. Hence, the theory of life also separates an individual from the society. Personally, I believe that Miller has the point. On the one hand, ethics and moral obligation are often considered the same thing. On the other hand, they often seem a mile away from each other. To demonstrate my point of view, it is necessary to consider a specific instance. For example, if an extremely poor person steals something vitally important, like medicine or food, for someone just as poor, a moral dilemma appears. A moral obligation presupposes that the thief should be imprisoned. From an ethical standpoint, ho wever, the thief had a noble thing in mind when stealing which means that the thief should be released. Therefore, Miller seems right about the difference between ethical theory and moral dilemma. What seems morally logical is not always ethically correct. There are different courses of actions for the case above. However, in either case, the conflict between the moral and the ethical will be there. An individual might consider it ethical to release the prisoner. However, according to the laws of society, it is immoral to let the criminal go. While some people consider that the given theory approached hedonism, Mill claimed that it was not. According to Mill, hedonism does not focus on the quality of the pleasure. On the contrary, in Mill’s theory, quality is the defining issue. Even though John Miller’s theory has been studied fully, the meaning of life still remains obscure. It is worth giving credit to Miller, though. With the help of his theory, he managed to devel op a completely new basis for people’s relationships. Moreover, Miller managed to provide an ethical basis for his theory. At the same time the latter does not seem preachy, which is worth appreciating.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principles: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Miller emphasized the significance of a human life once again. However, he made it in a new and subtle way. The philosopher created the theory that allowed to establish completely new type of human relationships. Unselfish and aimed at everyone’s satisfaction, utilitarianism attitudes seem a very peculiar idea. Reference List 1. Alican, N. F. Mill’s principle of utility: a defense of John Stuart Mill’s notorious proof. Atlanta (GA): Rodopi; 1994. 2. Alican, N. F. Mill’s principle of utility: a defense of John Stuart Mill’s n otorious proof. Atlanta (GA): Rodopi; 1994. 3. Mill, J. S. Utilitarianism. Cambridge, (MA): Longman, Green, Reader Dyer, 1871. 4. Mill, J. S. Utilitarianism. Cambridge, (MA): Longman, Green, Reader Dyer, 1871. This essay on Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principles: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life was written and submitted by user Cailyn Cruz to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

pfizer essays

pfizer essays Competitive Advantage is the condition that enables a company to operate in a more efficient or in a higher-quality manner than the companies that it competes with, which results in benefits to that specific company. This is usually achieved by offering consumers greater value, either by means of lower prices or by providing greater benefits and services that justify for higher prices. One of the key strategies in achieving a competitive advantage is product differentiation. Product differentiation is the idea that certain features make one product appear different from competing products in the same market. Pfizer achieves this strategy through brand loyalty and advertising. Pfizer is a very well respected company; which makes them strongly trusted amongst their consumers. The way Pfizer achieves this trust is through their advertising and brand loyalty. Advertising and brand loyalty are very important in the pharmaceutical market due to the large interchangeability of its products. This basically means that there are a lot of products out there, in the Pharmaceutical industry, which are close substitutes to that of Pfizers and other companies. One way of avoiding such interchangeability is with the use of patents. A patent grants sole rights of a particular product to a specific company, making it illegal for other companies to make similar substitutable products. (www.pfizer.com) On the other hand Pfizer also competes with firms when there are no patents on their products. This is where Pfizers prestigious brand name and loyalty come into play. As earlier mentioned, many consumers trust Pfizer and its products to have a higher quality than any other pharmaceutical company. So when they need to purchase these products they look for the brand they can trust, Pfizer! The reason Pfizer is such a well-trusted company again comes from their advertising. Pfizer prides itself on its advert ...

LEGAL ISSUES FOR MANAGERS - Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LEGAL ISSUES FOR MANAGERS - Ethics - Assignment Example The manager also would be exercising breach of code as stated in clause 4 relating to the company’s competition and fair dealing As relates to Beal’s concerns, the parties involved are; the manager of the accounting department who is aware of the discrepancies in the accounts created in the accounting department and those presented to the board of directors. A few of the accountants are spending the company’s property and working time in running of their own businesses. The manager is aware that someone is responsible for breaching clause 6 of the code. Furthermore, such records amounts up to $100million fraud through overvaluing of assets could most likely lead to harsh disciplinary action like loss of employment or even criminal prosecution. The accountants on the other hand, are not only using the company’s time to conduct their own private businesses; but they also using the company’s assets as well. The accounts are in breach of almost all sub-clauses of clause 5. For instance, they use their business time for their own private work. In addition, as relates to clause 3, the ac countants are engaged in using the company’s computers. The Japanese company, which a major supplier extending an invitation to Linda Plant, the RH purchaser and her husband for a two-day trip to Sydney and Rolling stone’s band concert in Australia. This would mean a breach of sub-clause 5.3 of the conflict of interest clause. That is, Linda Plant as a purchaser was not to be involved in any form of acceptance (recipient) of gifts from a supplier; which would act towards the interests of the Japanese company benefiting; if Linda would be involved direct or indirectly in the purchase. In addition, any money or services extended to an employee, family member or to any company RH is involved in a transaction with is not

Satire in Candide Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Satire in Candide - Term Paper Example After revealing that the profound distrust of Voltaire of rationalist theology and metaphysics gave him an image of being inescapably ‘anti-Leibnitzien’, it reveals that, oddly, Voltaire, just like Leibniz, was committed to enlightened, open-minded, and liberal political rule which could mitigate suffering and poverty, create educational and scientific traditions, scorn religious discrimination and fallacy, and choose happiness and fortune over violence and war (Levine, 1999, 249-250). This paper explains how Voltaire satirizes the philosophy of optimism as well as other institutions of the day in his work ‘Candide’. Satire is defined as a literary device whose goal is to improve society and the human condition by poking fun at individuals and various institutions with the goal of bringing awareness and reform. Satire can be grouped into three categories, Horatian (mild, good natured, tolerant and sympathetic), Juvenalian (vituperative, biting and filled with moral indignation), and Menippean (attacks on mental attitudes instead of specific individuals). Candide contains both Horatian and Jeuvenalian elements of satire. There are various types of satirical devices among them being, hyperbole, irony, allusion, parody, oxymoron, and understatement. New ideas, fresh interpretations, and original thought characterized the period known as the Enlightenment in the eighteenth Century. Scientific discovery was flourishing which brought new discoveries that challenged the traditional power of religion. Influential writers and philosophers of this age, Voltaire being prominent among them, sought to better the human condition and advance human thinking through truth and humorous criticism. Voltaire employs scathing satire to ridicule the ideologies of the Old Regime by criticizing most of the political, social, and religious ideals of his time. More specifically however, Voltaire chose as

International Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Business Strategy - Essay Example Under the stages approach, learning occurs first within the domestic market and then the business seeks opportunities in culturally-similar markets before ultimately expanding into a foreign market and developing the appropriate market entry strategy for this new foreign environment. Virgin Group, founded by Richard Branson, is an excellent example of a conglomerate that has utilised incremental foreign market entry strategies. The Virgin group first gained market experience in the United Kingdom, then selected entry into the United States, a location with similar culture to find market success utilising knowledge gleaned through UK business practices. Today, Virgin Group has built considerable marketing prowess and human capital advantages that allow the company to align strategy with foreign market characteristics. Common practices and metric within a variety of subsidiaries was gained through knowledge management and knowledge transfer that could, in the long-run, be applied to new and innovative business practices aligned with foreign culture and market characteristics. The Uppsala model is a rather common sense business model that strongly reinforces the necessity for knowledge management. Learning occurs through social, technological, organisational and marketing-based conceptions that build competencies, performance, and determine the appropriate market entry strategy required to meet foreign market demands in the pursuit of becoming a global corporation. Wal-Mart is a relevant example lending support to the Uppsala model, as this business determines a variety of unique market entry strategies, including joint ventures and acquisitions, in order to build knowledge about foreign culture preferences before ultimately determining an appropriate strategic policy aligned with foreign market characteristics. For instance, in Canada, consumers are â€Å"socially

Highlights On The Ethical Dilemmas Of Standard Chartered Bank Business Essay

Highlights On The Ethical Dilemmas Of Standard Chartered Bank Business Essay Standard Chartered plc operates as the leading emerging markets bank in the world. The banking group, known by many in the banking industry as Stanchart, operates over 500 offices in 50 countries throughout the Asia Pacific region, South Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the United Kingdom, and North and South America. Its Consumer banking divisionresponsible for 58 percent of operating profit in 2000provides customers with credit cards, personal loans, mortgages, and investment services. Its Wholesale banking unit caters to corporate clients in the trade finance, cash management, custody, lending, foreign exchange, interest rate management, and debt capital markets. In 2000, the majority of SCBs revenue stemmed from its Hong Kong and Asia Pacific region operations, while the Middle East accounted for 18 percent, North and South America and the United Kingdom secured 14 percent, and Africa claimed 9 percent of revenues. The bank derives more than 90% of its operating income and profits from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, generated from its Wholesale and Consumer Banking Businesses. The group has approximately 1750 branches and outlets located in more than 70 countries. The London-headquartered Group has operated for more than 150 years in some of the worlds most dynamic markets, leading the way in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Its income and profits have more than doubled over the last five years, primarily as a result of organic growth, supplemented by acquisitions. The group employs 75,000 people, nearly half of whom are women. Its employees are of 115 nationalities, with 60 of these represented among senior management. Highlights on the ethical dilemmas of Standard Chartered Bank Although Standard Chartered Bank is an international bank and countries tend to trust it for its international standards, but being such a widespread company they have had their ethical criticisms. Some of the unethical dilemmas that the company has faced over the years are- Credit card complaints- Recently SCB has been facing extensive disputes in Asia particularly in India and Pakistan regarding the marketing of their credit cards. Figure 1:1- Reduction of the use of credit cards The governments trade watchdog, the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission, has started an investigation of card-selling practices of certain banks including Standard Chartered Bank, HSBC and the local banks ICICI and HDFC. The commission has the power to fine companies and limit their business dealings. All the banks involved say they have followed all appropriate trade practices and are cooperating with the requests for information. On May 7, the Reserve Bank sent a letter to all commercial banks warning about usurious interest rates, asking them to make sure costs to the borrowers were justifiable. The ombudsmans office at the bank said it received 3,700 consumer complaints about credit card lenders within just the first 5 months of 2006. Newspapers regularly run articles telling consumers how to cancel their cards, and some frustrated credit card users simply stop paying their bills. (http://www.consumercourt.in/cred it-card/2638-standard-chartered-bank-complaint.html) Stock market scandal (International Agenda)- A report on Indias biggest financial scandal during 1991 1992 accuses foreign banks of transacting dummy deals to cover up losses or camouflage transactions by favored Indian brokers. The report from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) exposes what it calls the nexus between Indian brokers and two foreign banks, Standard Chartered and Australia and New Zealand Banking Groups ANZ Grindlays Bank. The report accuses Standard Chartered of entering into fictitious transactions to cover up an ever-increasing number of unaccounted deals on its investment portfolio. The central bank of India has issued fines of roughly $42 million to 10 foreign banks, including Citibank, Bank of America, American Express Bank Ltd. and Standard Chartered Bank, accusing them of involvement in Indias worst securities scandal. SCB violated its guidelines by financing certain stock market operations, as well as helping out a fathered broker, Harshad Mehta, by putting thro ugh a number of dummy transactions. (Sanjoy Zakaria, 1994, New York Times) Acquisitions and outsourcing threat- In Malaysia, Bank Negara Malaysia in the financial master plan encouraged outsourcing of non-core functions by Financial Institutions. Ever since, banks have been exploring outsourcing as a way to rationalize and streamline operation. While outsourcing is a way forward to reduce cost, manage manpower dependencies and to allow financial institutions to focus on its core business of providing services and financial products, such outsourcing is done without prior consultation with workers representative namely SBEU. Reduction of staffs not only occurs to those directly affected by the outsourcing of the job functions, but also other complementary staff areas. Example, outsourcing of Sales and Marketing job in Standard Chartered Bank has transferred jobs originally done by Special Grade Clerical. Indirectly, this will reduce career promotion prospect. The bank has also use rationalization (due to outsourcing) as an excuse to close branches and scale down others. In the case of Standard Chartered Bank, the bank has gone on closing 15 branches nationwide with two in Sarawak according to Law Kiat Min, General Secretary of Sarawak Bank Employees Union. Evaluation of the Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Standard Chartered Bank Credit card complaints- The consumer court in India has been tackling problems regarding unfair credit card charges and improper means to withdraw the phony due amount, Credit Card Terms Prompt Indignation Arigit Sengupta, a hotel manager in Bangalore, swears he is never using a credit card again. Skip to next paragraphAfter charging about 30,000 rupees ($743) to his card and paying his minimum balance on time, he said he wound up owing his bank more than three times that amount. The kind of interest they charge, not even a chartered accountant could understand, he said. Local and foreign banks are aggressively peddling credit card accounts in India, where a fast-growing middle class with disposable income has created the ideal card customer base. (Refer to Appendix-2) Even though the firm is maintaining the contractual theory with a customer during selling these credit cards, which represents that firms have a responsibility to comply with the terms of the sale, inform the customers about the nature of the product, avoid misrepresentation of any kind, and not coerce the customer in any way. But on the other hand SCB is overlooking the due care theory which focuses on the relative vulnerability of the customer, who has less information and expertise than the firm, and the ethical responsibility that places on the firm. Customers must depend on the firm providing the product or service to live up to the claims about it and to exercise due care to avoid customer injury. The result is vocal and heated criticism from card holders, consumer advocates and the government. They accuse the banks of levying unfair fees and nuisance charges and of providing miserable customer service. These banks are cheating the public, said C. V. Giddappa, general secretary of the Credit Card Holders Association of India, a nationwide consumer group. Mr. Giddappas organization estimates that Indian consumers are paying 16.4 million rupees a day (more than $406,000) in unfair charges, and is agitating for a debt-free India by 2020. Stock market scandal (International Agenda) Regarding the particular scandal in 1991 1992 in India a spokesman for Standard Chartered said some of the report was misleading, particularly the conclusion that senior managers were aware of the fraud. Barry Northrop, who heads a Standard Chartered team trying to recover the banks losses in the scandal, said the fictitious deals were created without the knowledge of senior management and in defiance of both internal and RBI guidelines. Individuals involved had been dismissed and procedures tightened. In terms of theories SCB has complied according to Milton Friedmans theory (1970) regarding corporate social responsibility, which interprets that the only legitimate purpose of a company is to create wealth and pursuing their business effectively for the benefit of their customers, whilst providing a profitable reward to their investors. Being a foreign bank SCB acted upon their best interest financially, according to Friedman its the role of the state to provide the legal framework that regulated companies behaviour in relation to the rest of the community, the government or any appointed monitoring entity should have foreseen such a scandal and prevented it from occurring. But in the context of Kants theory, deontology or duty-based ethics that judges morality by examining the nature of actions and the will of agents rather than goals achieved or simply a deontological theory looks at inputs rather than outcomes. Therefore since this move of SCB was clearly unfavourable for the economy of India, it worked as a bad reputation for the bank as well as other foreign banks. (Refer to Appendix-3) Acquisitions and outsourcing threat- The practice of outsourcing is considered as a good option, since it provides guaranteed professional assistance for businesses without the expenses of maintaining fulltime employees, but it also poses as a threat for the domestic countries work force. Outsourcing for talent leads to lack of job security for the local employees. Standard Chartered bank and a few other international banks in Malaysia has been outsourcing extensively which has lead to an inconvenience for the employees of the nation. The provision in the Collective Agreement only requires the Bank to consult the Union prior to outsourcing. Outsourcing has inevitably reduced headcount of staff of financial institutions. Attempts by unions to negotiate with the bank to ensure that when staff moved over to the new entity (outsourcing company), and retain their seniority, pay and benefits has not been successful. While it is not possible to extent exact figure of employees who lost thei r job due to outsourcing, it is estimated that about 30% of employees are directly affected numbering about 1,000 staffs. This figure is expected to increase due to continued rationalization and system engineering. Outsourcing takes two forms, namely, transfer of job function to head office prior to outsourcing in the case of Bumiputra Commerce Bank or direct outsourcing which happened in Standard Chartered Bank. Based on such outcomes and considering SCBs current status as one of the best multinational financial institutions, Carrolls (1979) four step model on CSR can be used to stress the depth of the duty an organization needs to comply. The first two steps of the model remain evident, but the last two steps addresses particularly to the dilemma SCB is facing. Since Carroll believes that because a company can affect the interests and even lives of people, it should be accountable/responsible, to societal interests over those of the owners and beyond the specific limits of the law. Best Ethical Values and Practices of Standard Chartered Bank Even though Standard Chartered Bank has had a reputation of using unethical means to reach a much beneficial end in terms of the companys market expansion. Although the British Empire isnt as global as it used to be, that hasnt stopped Standard Chartered. Sustainability is integral to Standard Chartered. Worldwide and in Malaysia, the bank champions dedicated causes, one of them being environment. The organization believes that each person can make a difference, and through small steps, the collection action contributes to the overall impact as the community unites to preserve the environment for future generations. The organization is cognizant of getting it right in the home, before moving out to the neighborhood. The strategy of embedding the environment consciousness among the staff was a key focus for SCB in growing green advocates. As such, their green agenda is woven into every level of the banks operations. Environmental and Social Awareness- Over the last two years, Standard Chartered has run multiple activities and programs focusing on self-awareness, reducing wastage and lowering carbon footprint under its umbrella theme, Go Green, Lets Make a Difference. From cutting back on air travel to implementing shared-printer facility between departments, the results have been very heartening. The bank has seen as much as 50% reduction in air travel, 20% in paper consumption, 50% reduction in air travel and 10% in electricity usage, and the introduction of e-statements with customers. Higher targets are set for 2011. The bank is already using recycled paper for their business cards, and sourcing to adopt recyclable paper in all their operations Their other programs, Seeing is Believing (preventing curable blindness), Living with HIV/AIDS, Financial Literacy Programme, are being tackled on ground with face-to-face interaction given theres a higher level of social sensitivity surrounding these causes. All the following mentioned above directs to the theory of Consequentialism; consequentialist ethics bases decision-making on the best outcome for the largest group that also results in the least harm. It is a form of utilitarian ethics, which focuses on results rather than ingrained moral imperatives. The utility principle requires the decision-maker to weigh the possible consequences of his or her actions to select options that offer the best results for society. This has lead SCB in attaining the title of one of the worlds most ethical companies in four consecutive years till 2010 all in recognition of its ongoing commitment to build a sustainable business for the benefit of customers, clients and the wider communities in whi ch it operates. (Refer to Appendix-4) Workforce Diversity- With more and more organizations going global, diversity at work is increasingly becoming an integral part of every organization. Diversity refers to any perceived difference among people like age, race, religion, profession, sexual orientation, geographic origin and lifestyle. SCB has started their journey of diversity and inclusion in India from 2006 with formation of the DI Council. SCB initially started by concentrating on three aspects of diversity, gender, disability and nationality. Some of the key concerns were the infrastructure of the working women, work-life balance, and barriers to growth. A series of focused group discussions were conducted to understand and address these concerns to help position Standard Chartered as the employer of womens choice, states Rajashree Nambiar, GM distribution and country champion, diversity and inclusion, Standard Chartered Bank. From an ethical perspective the bank has been exercising virtue ethics which focuses on t he individuals moral stature rather than the morality of the act itself. A moral actor will base his or her decisions on ingrained values rather than consequences or duty. However, the individual is part of a community so the virtues valued by the community affect the individual decision-makers thought processes. A cultures values are incorporated into the individuals ethical framework. As a global bank, the variety of markets they do business in makes them diverse inherently. In terms of gender diversity; women make up to 46Â  per cent of their total workforce and the number of women in senior management roles has also increased. To increase female representation amongst senior management they focused on creating a pipeline of high-potential female employees at middle management. In 2008, they developed a mentoring programme for their middle management talent, with a specific focus on women. The Bank actively supports International Womens Day. Across their markets, and organize a variety of activities to recognize the achievements of women and highlight role models. In 2008, SCB renewed focus on attracting and supporting potential employees with disabilities. Over the last 12 months, the Group trained and hired a number of blind employees in Pakistan, employed their first visually challenged employee in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. SCB also launched initiatives to support employees with family responsibilities, and new maternity and paternity leave policies were rolled out in Bangladesh, Lebanon, US and Australia in 2008. Recommendation According to the reasonings mentioned above it is clear that SCB initially made a lot of wrong moves which was mostly in their own interest, but gradually when they started being internationally recognized they have tried substantially to improve their ethical ways as a corporation. They not only provided international job opportunities in the economies they settled in, they also came up with various social awareness activities e.g. fund-raising, and city beautification programs in the countries they are operating. Since they are a service based organization their only way of communicating to their customers should be through goodwill building and transparent publication of their intentions and actions. On the other hand the governments of the countries where MNCs like SCB operate should assign more efficient and reliable monitoring bodies for convenience. References Text Books/Articles- Fisher, C Lovell, A, Business Ethics and Values: Individual, Corporate and International Perspectives, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2009 Crane, A Matten, D, Managing Corporate Citizenship and Sustainability in the Age of Globalization, 2nd Edition Oxford University Press, 2007 Laurie J. Mullins, Management and Organisation behavior, 8th Edition, FT Prentice Hall, 2007 Jacques P. Thiroux, Keith W. Krasemann, Ethics: Theory and Practice, 10th Edition, Pearson Education 2009 De Geaorge, Richard T., Business Ethics, 7th Edition, Pearson Education 2010 Lawrence, P.R. and Lorsch, J.W., Organisation and Environment, Irwin, 1969 Press statement April 2002 to Standard Chartered Bank on Closure and downsizing of branches -pages 7-9 Websites- www.consumercourt.in/credit-card/2638-standard-chartered-bank-complaint.html www.gbcimpact.org/itcs_node/0/0/member_profiles/434 www.csrdigest.com/2010/08/going-green-using-social-media/ www.newyorktimes.com www.thetimesofindia.com www.timesnewspaper.com www.standardchartered.com

NASA Cries for Money Essay -- Politics Government

In Lee Billing’s article, What Future for NASA, Billing discusses the past and present situation of the NASA program and how over fifty years of running hasn't accomplished NASA very much. In 1958 the National Aeronautics and Space Act was signed allowing for NASA to be formed. This lead to a major race which caught America's eye. The goal was to reach the Moon as quickly as possible, not to develop a lasting ability to go there. After the race was won in 1969, America lost interest. Even on NASA's 50th year anniversary, they were still unable to send astronauts beyond low-Earth orbit. Fundings dramatically decreased and NASA is still struggling to pay for any advancements. Something must be done to insure the advancements of research for new technology. But with the loss of funding there won't be anyway to do that very soon. According to Billing, NASA's 2009 budget is about $18 billion. Each year the US spends more than $300 billion paying interest on the growing debt. On defense and homeland security the US will spend $600 billion and that does not include the $12 billion spent...